La Déviation Absolue Médiane (MAD) is a statistical measure used to quantify the variability or dispersion of a dataset. Unlike standard deviation, which can be heavily influenced by outliers, the MAD is a robust statistic that offers a more reliable assessment of spread in the presence of extreme values.
Pour calculer la MAD, suivez ces étapes :
- Déterminez la médiane de l'ensemble de données.
- Calculez les déviations absolues de chaque point de données par rapport à la médiane.
- Trouvez la médiane de ces déviations absolues.
La formule peut s'exprimer comme suit :
MAD = median(|X_i – median(X)|)
where X represents the dataset and X_i est chaque point de donnée individuel.
The resulting value from this calculation provides a measure of the average distance of data points from the median, making it particularly useful in fields such as finance, contrôle de qualité, and environmental studies where outliers may skew the results. The MAD is often used in conjunction with other statistics to assess the reliability of the dataset and to make informed decisions based on the degree of variability present.