Máquina de Estados
A state machine is a conceptual model used in ciencias de la computación and engineering to design systems that can be in one of a limited number of states at any given time. It transitions between these states based on specific inputs and defined rules. State machines are widely used in various applications, including software design, robotics, and sistemas de control.
At its core, a state machine consists of a set of states, a set of possible inputs, and a set of transitions that dictate how the system moves from one state to another. Each state represents a condition or situation in which the system can exist. The transitions between states are triggered by inputs, which can be events, signals, or conditions that occur during the operation of the system.
Hay dos tipos principales de máquinas de estados: deterministas y no deterministas. Una máquina de estados determinista tiene una única transición predecible para cada entrada desde cualquier estado dado, mientras que una máquina de estados no determinista puede tener múltiples transiciones posibles para la misma entrada, llevando a diferentes estados potenciales. Además, las máquinas de estados pueden clasificarse en máquinas de estados finitos (FSMs), que tienen un número limitado de estados, y máquinas de estados infinitos, que pueden tener un número ilimitado de estados.
State machines are beneficial for modeling complex systems because they provide a clear and structured way to represent different conditions and behaviors. They are often used in programming languages, video games, network protocols, and diseño de interfaz de usuario para gestionar el estado y responder de manera efectiva a las interacciones del usuario o eventos del sistema.